Download 1 MB PDF file for testing
Open the single page and check document-upload behavior. The preset is 1 MiB (1,048,576 bytes); choose MB for decimal megabytes.
1 MB = 1,000,000 B · 1 MiB = 1,048,576 B
Advanced: test an upload limit
Enter the byte limit above, then choose one byte below, the exact limit or one byte above. Each choice uses the same base: 1,048,576 B. Generate and download each file to test your endpoint.
Where a 1 MB PDF comes up
- Checking that a Spring Boot service rejects or accepts a document at its stock multipart setting before anyone raises it.
- Confirming a reverse proxy in front of your app returns a clean 413 page instead of a dropped connection.
- Giving QA a tiny real PDF for e-signature or invoice-upload flows where speed matters more than bulk.
Limits it lands on
- Spring Boot: spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size defaults to 1MB, so this file sits exactly on the boundary.
- nginx: client_max_body_size defaults to 1m for the whole request body; with multipart headers on top, uploading this PDF through a stock nginx config returns 413 Request Entity Too Large.
What is inside the file
The page is a blank A4 sheet (595 × 842 points) with a single Helvetica text object. The visible structure takes 720 bytes; the remaining 1,047,856 bytes are an unreferenced stream object that viewers never draw.
Because the cross-reference table points at real byte offsets, Acrobat, Preview, Chrome and pdf.js open it without a repair prompt.
Questions
Why does my upload fail even though the limit says 1 MB?
Most servers count the entire request, not just the file. Multipart boundaries and headers add a few hundred bytes, which pushes a file of exactly 1,048,576 bytes over a 1 MiB request cap.
Is it one page?
Yes. Every PDF this site produces is a single page; the extra size is padding inside the file, not additional pages.
Reference and checks
Format reference: PDF 32000-1.
Measured regression fixture (2026-10-13): 1,048,576 bytes. Validation method and limits.
Generate another size in this format · Technical notes for every format · Guide to testing file upload limits · Data processing and privacy
Related tools: Merge PDF · Compress PDF.
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